Just coming off our big anniversary issue, we editors are still in a taking-stock mindset. That normally goes hand-in-hand with planning for the next publication year — which we can’t believe we’re doing already — but it feels more acute this time. And our 20th year has coincided with some pretty major current events, as the world begins to emerge from a pandemic amid a great deal of associated economic and sociopolitical turmoil. The effects of it all on the…
Risk, knowledge, uncertainty, decision-making: They are among the building blocks at the center of the biopharmaceutical industry that guide the daily operations of biopharmaceutical organizations, from the work of scientists during discovery to technicians manufacturing each batch. Indeed, the biopharmaceutical industry is a knowledge-based industry in which organizations satisfy patient needs while gaining competitive advantage by their ability to grow, transfer, and apply knowledge rapidly and effectively. Many people who read the word knowledge have a certain implicit interpretation of…
The past couple of decades have witnessed significant advances in upstream bioprocess technologies and approaches. Since its establishment, BPI has been a facilitator of discussion both in print and at professional conferences, as well as in webcasts and news online. To mark the 20th anniversary of the publication, we surveyed articles published over the past two decades and found hundreds that highlight significant advances in both emerging and established themes in biopharmaceutical production: • “hardware” technology (e.g., analytical instrumentation, bioreactors,…
Allogeneic products are an attractive option for cell-therapy developers because multiple batches can be manufactured using apheresis material collected from one healthy donor — and because the resulting therapies could be made available as off-the-shelf products. The appeal of this approach is apparent from growth in allogeneic-therapy development. According to the Alliance for Regenerative Medicine, the number of clinical trials for allogeneic cell-based cancer treatments has increased by 30% over the past five years. Early in 2022, allogeneic candidates accounted…
Biopharmaceuticals are produced mainly by Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines, for which advances in protein formats, bioprocesses, and bioprocess control are introducing novel challenges (1). Thus far, those challenges have been tackled either by technical innovations and media optimization or by advances in host-cell engineering (2, 3). Some technical innovations bring further challenges, such as those related to the compatibility of CHO cultures with highly automated bioprocesses and continuous high-density culture modes (4). With regard to host-cell engineering, most…
Spectroscopic sensors are powerful tools for bioprocess monitoring within the process analytical technology (PAT) initiative of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The PAT framework includes process understanding based on scientific background with the aim of monitoring and controlling critical process parameters (CPPs) that influence critical quality attributes (CQAs) of final biological products. The driving force for PAT implementation is a need to realize consistent product quality, process intensification, and real-time manufacturing control (1, 2). Using real-time spectroscopic measurements…
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent, self-renewing progenitor cells that can differentiate into adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteocytes (1). Cultured MSCs are plastic-adherent and spindle-shaped, and they express cell-surface markers CD44, CD73, CD90, and CD105, but not CD14, CD34, CD45, CD11b, CD79a, CD19, or HLA-DR (2, 3). First isolated from bone marrow (BM), human MSCs have been investigated extensively in clinical studies. MSCs also have been isolated from adipose tissue (4) and peripheral blood (5). Perinatal organs and tissues such as…
Biopharmaceuticals are produced in genetically modified cells; thus, they contain process-and product-related impurities. Those deriving from manufacturing processes include host cell DNA/RNA, viral DNA/RNA, cellular debris, lipids, and host-cell proteins (HCPs) (1). Mammalian, bacterial, fungal, insect, and plant cell lines have been used to overexpress recombinant proteins. Currently, the most frequently used hosts for biomolecule synthesis are Escherichia coli and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. E. coli has been used to produce heterologous proteins since the beginning of the biotechnology…
The use of approved advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) remains limited despite their potential to address unmet medical needs. One example uses chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells for treatment of refractory lymphoma (1). Typically, such medicinal products begin with cells that are harvested from a patient and genetically programmed to recognize and eliminate tumor cells upon reinfusion. Several cell therapies based on this and other technologies are approved for use in the United States, Europe, and China (2). Given…
An estimated 300 million people worldwide live with rare diseases, and over 70% of such disorders are caused by genetic mutations (1, 2). Cell and gene therapies offer hope and potential cures for many previously untreatable diseases. Accordingly, the global gene therapy market is expected to be worth USD 5.02 billion by 2028, a significant growth from USD 1.46 billion in 2020 (3). Manufacturing gene therapies will be a key challenge over the next two decades. But just a few…